ภูมิศาสตร์วรรณยุกต์ภาษาไทขึนในจังหวัดเชียงใหม่ : ความรู้พื้นฐานเพื่อพัฒนา การท่องเที่ยวเชิงชาติพันธุ์

Abstract

The objectives of this research were to analyze the regional variations of 15 dialects of Tai Kuen dialect in Chiang Mai Province., as well as to compare, comparatively analyze and group the Tai Kuen tonal system in Kung Tung in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar and the Tai Khun in Chiang Mai Province in Thailand and make a tonal geography map of the Tai Kuen language. The results showed that The Tai Kuen tonal system in Chiang Mai province has been subdivided into three regions: the main tonal system of 6 tones (B123-4) and the sub-tone system of type 1 and type 2 with 5 tones (B-merge). The distinguishing features that cause variations in the tonal system are the tone coalescences of the B tone (B=DL) in the type 1 subtonal system and the C123=DL4 tone conjugation in the main and the type 2 sub tonal systems. Regional variations of the Tai Kuen tone of Chiang Mai are in the same direction, which is caused by language contact, which is classified as an external factor. More speakers, such as Standard Thai, Chiang Mai dialect and Tai Yai of Kung Tung tend to influence the Tai Kuen language in areas with fewer speakers. The results of the comparative analysis and grouping of the Tai Kuen tonal system of both countries revealed 8 tonal systems by using the criteria of tonal split and coalescences between the B and DL tones. The tonal system can be classified into 3 groups: Group 1 BDL123-4, Group 2 BDL1234 and Group 3 B1234, DL123-4 and using the criteria for the number of tonal phonemes, can be divided into 2 groups which are the 5 tone system and the 6 tone system including presenting the results grouping of Tai Khun tonal systems in a linguistic map.