ความเป็นพิษและองค์ประกอบทางเคมีของอนุภาคฝุ่นขนาดเล็ก ในอากาศ พื้นที่ตำบลดอนแก้ว อำเภอแม่ริม จังหวัดเชียงใหม่

Abstract

Toxicity and chemical composition of cirborne particulate matter in ambient air of Tambon Don Kaew, Mae Rim District, Chiang Mai Province have been carried out during the period between December 2007 and August 2008. PM 10 samples were collected on filters, with the use of High volume air sampler and hydrocarbons (CH4, NMHC, and THC) were monitored of four sampling sites; traffic source, agricultural source, incinerator source, and residential area. Twenty-four hour air particulate matter samples were extracted with dichloromethane by ultrasonication. The organic extracts of PM 10 were tested by short-term mutagenicity bioassays using Salmonella tester strains TA98 and TA100, with and without metabolic activation (S9). The daily levels of PM 10 mass concentration of Tambon Don Kaew ranged from 14.0 to 47.0 g/m3 which lower than the Pollution Control Department (PCD), PM 10, the 24 h standard of 120 g/m3 and the concentration of methane, non-methane, and total hydrocarbon ranged from 1.96-2.06, 0.35-1.42, และ 2.34-3.38 ppm, respectively. The study showed that direct mutagenicity with TA98 and TA100 strains in airborne particulate matter extracts was detected in all samples. The mutagenicities became positive, and were higher, in the presence of enzyme activation (S9 mix). In conclusions, the results of the PM 10 studies presented here have implications for future research as well as efforts to regulate particulate matter and to improve the health of Tambon Don Kaew residents.